ntfy/server/server.go

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package server
import (
"bytes"
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"context"
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"embed" // required for go:embed
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"encoding/json"
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firebase "firebase.google.com/go"
"firebase.google.com/go/messaging"
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"fmt"
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"google.golang.org/api/option"
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"heckel.io/ntfy/util"
"html/template"
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"io"
"log"
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"net"
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"net/http"
"regexp"
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"strconv"
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"strings"
"sync"
"time"
)
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// TODO add "max messages in a topic" limit
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// TODO implement "since=<ID>"
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// Server is the main server, providing the UI and API for ntfy
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type Server struct {
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config *Config
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topics map[string]*topic
visitors map[string]*visitor
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firebase subscriber
messages int64
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cache cache
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mu sync.Mutex
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}
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// errHTTP is a generic HTTP error for any non-200 HTTP error
type errHTTP struct {
Code int
Status string
}
func (e errHTTP) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("http: %s", e.Status)
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}
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type indexPage struct {
Topic string
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CacheDuration time.Duration
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}
type sinceTime time.Time
func (t sinceTime) IsAll() bool {
return t == sinceAllMessages
}
func (t sinceTime) IsNone() bool {
return t == sinceNoMessages
}
func (t sinceTime) Time() time.Time {
return time.Time(t)
}
var (
sinceAllMessages = sinceTime(time.Unix(0, 0))
sinceNoMessages = sinceTime(time.Unix(1, 0))
)
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var (
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topicRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64}$`) // Regex must match JS & Android app!
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jsonRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64}(,[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64})*/json$`)
sseRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64}(,[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64})*/sse$`)
rawRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64}(,[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64})*/raw$`)
sendRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64}(,[-_A-Za-z0-9]{1,64})*/(publish|send|trigger)$`)
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staticRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/static/.+`)
docsRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^/docs(|/.*)$`)
disallowedTopics = []string{"docs", "static"}
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templateFnMap = template.FuncMap{
"durationToHuman": util.DurationToHuman,
}
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//go:embed "index.gohtml"
indexSource string
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indexTemplate = template.Must(template.New("index").Funcs(templateFnMap).Parse(indexSource))
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//go:embed "example.html"
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exampleSource string
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//go:embed static
webStaticFs embed.FS
webStaticFsCached = &util.CachingEmbedFS{ModTime: time.Now(), FS: webStaticFs}
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//go:embed docs
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docsStaticFs embed.FS
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docsStaticCached = &util.CachingEmbedFS{ModTime: time.Now(), FS: docsStaticFs}
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errHTTPBadRequest = &errHTTP{http.StatusBadRequest, http.StatusText(http.StatusBadRequest)}
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errHTTPNotFound = &errHTTP{http.StatusNotFound, http.StatusText(http.StatusNotFound)}
errHTTPTooManyRequests = &errHTTP{http.StatusTooManyRequests, http.StatusText(http.StatusTooManyRequests)}
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)
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const (
firebaseControlTopic = "~control" // See Android if changed
)
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// New instantiates a new Server. It creates the cache and adds a Firebase
// subscriber (if configured).
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func New(conf *Config) (*Server, error) {
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var firebaseSubscriber subscriber
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if conf.FirebaseKeyFile != "" {
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var err error
firebaseSubscriber, err = createFirebaseSubscriber(conf)
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if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
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cache, err := createCache(conf)
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if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
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topics, err := cache.Topics()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
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}
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return &Server{
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config: conf,
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cache: cache,
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firebase: firebaseSubscriber,
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topics: topics,
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visitors: make(map[string]*visitor),
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}, nil
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}
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func createCache(conf *Config) (cache, error) {
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if conf.CacheDuration == 0 {
return newNopCache(), nil
} else if conf.CacheFile != "" {
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return newSqliteCache(conf.CacheFile)
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}
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return newMemCache(), nil
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}
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func createFirebaseSubscriber(conf *Config) (subscriber, error) {
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fb, err := firebase.NewApp(context.Background(), nil, option.WithCredentialsFile(conf.FirebaseKeyFile))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
msg, err := fb.Messaging(context.Background())
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return func(m *message) error {
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var data map[string]string // Matches https://ntfy.sh/docs/subscribe/api/#json-message-format
switch m.Event {
case keepaliveEvent, openEvent:
data = map[string]string{
"id": m.ID,
"time": fmt.Sprintf("%d", m.Time),
"event": m.Event,
"topic": m.Topic,
}
case messageEvent:
data = map[string]string{
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"id": m.ID,
"time": fmt.Sprintf("%d", m.Time),
"event": m.Event,
"topic": m.Topic,
"priority": fmt.Sprintf("%d", m.Priority),
"tags": strings.Join(m.Tags, ","),
"title": m.Title,
"message": m.Message,
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}
}
_, err := msg.Send(context.Background(), &messaging.Message{
Topic: m.Topic,
Data: data,
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})
return err
}, nil
}
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// Run executes the main server. It listens on HTTP (+ HTTPS, if configured), and starts
// a manager go routine to print stats and prune messages.
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func (s *Server) Run() error {
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go s.runManager()
go s.runAtSender()
go s.runFirebaseKeepliver()
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listenStr := fmt.Sprintf("%s/http", s.config.ListenHTTP)
if s.config.ListenHTTPS != "" {
listenStr += fmt.Sprintf(" %s/https", s.config.ListenHTTPS)
}
log.Printf("Listening on %s", listenStr)
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http.HandleFunc("/", s.handle)
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errChan := make(chan error)
go func() {
errChan <- http.ListenAndServe(s.config.ListenHTTP, nil)
}()
if s.config.ListenHTTPS != "" {
go func() {
errChan <- http.ListenAndServeTLS(s.config.ListenHTTPS, s.config.CertFile, s.config.KeyFile, nil)
}()
}
return <-errChan
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}
func (s *Server) handle(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
if err := s.handleInternal(w, r); err != nil {
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if e, ok := err.(*errHTTP); ok {
s.fail(w, r, e.Code, e)
} else {
s.fail(w, r, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
}
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}
}
func (s *Server) handleInternal(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
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if r.Method == http.MethodGet && r.URL.Path == "/" {
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return s.handleHome(w, r)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && r.URL.Path == "/example.html" {
return s.handleExample(w, r)
} else if r.Method == http.MethodHead && r.URL.Path == "/" {
return s.handleEmpty(w, r)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && staticRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.handleStatic(w, r)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && docsRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.handleDocs(w, r)
} else if r.Method == http.MethodOptions {
return s.handleOptions(w, r)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && topicRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.handleHome(w, r)
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} else if (r.Method == http.MethodPut || r.Method == http.MethodPost) && topicRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.withRateLimit(w, r, s.handlePublish)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && sendRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.withRateLimit(w, r, s.handlePublish)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && jsonRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.withRateLimit(w, r, s.handleSubscribeJSON)
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} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && sseRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.withRateLimit(w, r, s.handleSubscribeSSE)
} else if r.Method == http.MethodGet && rawRegex.MatchString(r.URL.Path) {
return s.withRateLimit(w, r, s.handleSubscribeRaw)
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}
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return errHTTPNotFound
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}
func (s *Server) handleHome(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
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return indexTemplate.Execute(w, &indexPage{
Topic: r.URL.Path[1:],
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CacheDuration: s.config.CacheDuration,
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})
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}
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func (s *Server) handleEmpty(_ http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) error {
return nil
}
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func (s *Server) handleExample(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) error {
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_, err := io.WriteString(w, exampleSource)
return err
}
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func (s *Server) handleStatic(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
http.FileServer(http.FS(webStaticFsCached)).ServeHTTP(w, r)
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return nil
}
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func (s *Server) handleDocs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
http.FileServer(http.FS(docsStaticCached)).ServeHTTP(w, r)
return nil
}
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func (s *Server) handlePublish(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ *visitor) error {
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t, err := s.topicFromPath(r.URL.Path)
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if err != nil {
return err
}
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reader := io.LimitReader(r.Body, int64(s.config.MessageLimit))
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b, err := io.ReadAll(reader)
if err != nil {
return err
}
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m := newDefaultMessage(t.ID, strings.TrimSpace(string(b)))
cache, firebase, err := s.parseParams(r, m)
if err != nil {
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return err
}
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if m.Message == "" {
m.Message = "triggered"
}
delayed := m.Time > time.Now().Unix()
if !delayed {
if err := t.Publish(m); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if s.firebase != nil && firebase && !delayed {
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go func() {
if err := s.firebase(m); err != nil {
log.Printf("Unable to publish to Firebase: %v", err.Error())
}
}()
}
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if cache {
if err := s.cache.AddMessage(m); err != nil {
return err
}
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}
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
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w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*") // CORS, allow cross-origin requests
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if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(m); err != nil {
return err
}
s.inc(&s.messages)
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return nil
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}
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func (s *Server) parseParams(r *http.Request, m *message) (cache bool, firebase bool, err error) {
cache = readParam(r, "x-cache", "cache") != "no"
firebase = readParam(r, "x-firebase", "firebase") != "no"
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m.Title = readParam(r, "x-title", "title", "t")
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messageStr := readParam(r, "x-message", "message", "m")
if messageStr != "" {
m.Message = messageStr
}
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m.Priority, err = util.ParsePriority(readParam(r, "x-priority", "priority", "prio", "p"))
if err != nil {
return false, false, errHTTPBadRequest
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}
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tagsStr := readParam(r, "x-tags", "tags", "tag", "ta")
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if tagsStr != "" {
m.Tags = make([]string, 0)
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for _, s := range util.SplitNoEmpty(tagsStr, ",") {
m.Tags = append(m.Tags, strings.TrimSpace(s))
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}
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}
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delayStr := readParam(r, "x-delay", "delay", "x-at", "at", "x-in", "in")
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if delayStr != "" {
if !cache {
return false, false, errHTTPBadRequest
}
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delay, err := util.ParseFutureTime(delayStr, time.Now())
if err != nil {
return false, false, errHTTPBadRequest
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} else if delay.Unix() < time.Now().Add(s.config.MinDelay).Unix() {
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return false, false, errHTTPBadRequest
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} else if delay.Unix() > time.Now().Add(s.config.MaxDelay).Unix() {
return false, false, errHTTPBadRequest
}
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m.Time = delay.Unix()
}
return cache, firebase, nil
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}
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func readParam(r *http.Request, names ...string) string {
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for _, name := range names {
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value := r.Header.Get(name)
if value != "" {
return strings.TrimSpace(value)
}
}
for _, name := range names {
value := r.URL.Query().Get(strings.ToLower(name))
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if value != "" {
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return strings.TrimSpace(value)
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}
}
return ""
}
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func (s *Server) handleSubscribeJSON(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, v *visitor) error {
encoder := func(msg *message) (string, error) {
var buf bytes.Buffer
if err := json.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(&msg); err != nil {
return "", err
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}
return buf.String(), nil
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}
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return s.handleSubscribe(w, r, v, "json", "application/x-ndjson", encoder)
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}
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func (s *Server) handleSubscribeSSE(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, v *visitor) error {
encoder := func(msg *message) (string, error) {
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var buf bytes.Buffer
if err := json.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(&msg); err != nil {
return "", err
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}
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if msg.Event != messageEvent {
return fmt.Sprintf("event: %s\ndata: %s\n", msg.Event, buf.String()), nil // Browser's .onmessage() does not fire on this!
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}
return fmt.Sprintf("data: %s\n", buf.String()), nil
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}
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return s.handleSubscribe(w, r, v, "sse", "text/event-stream", encoder)
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}
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func (s *Server) handleSubscribeRaw(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, v *visitor) error {
encoder := func(msg *message) (string, error) {
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if msg.Event == messageEvent { // only handle default events
return strings.ReplaceAll(msg.Message, "\n", " ") + "\n", nil
}
return "\n", nil // "keepalive" and "open" events just send an empty line
}
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return s.handleSubscribe(w, r, v, "raw", "text/plain", encoder)
}
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func (s *Server) handleSubscribe(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, v *visitor, format string, contentType string, encoder messageEncoder) error {
if err := v.AddSubscription(); err != nil {
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return errHTTPTooManyRequests
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}
defer v.RemoveSubscription()
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topicsStr := strings.TrimSuffix(r.URL.Path[1:], "/"+format) // Hack
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topicIDs := util.SplitNoEmpty(topicsStr, ",")
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topics, err := s.topicsFromIDs(topicIDs...)
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if err != nil {
return err
}
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poll := readParam(r, "x-poll", "poll", "po") == "1"
scheduled := readParam(r, "x-scheduled", "scheduled", "sched") == "1"
since, err := parseSince(r, poll)
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if err != nil {
return err
}
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messageFilter, titleFilter, priorityFilter, tagsFilter, err := parseQueryFilters(r)
if err != nil {
return err
}
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var wlock sync.Mutex
sub := func(msg *message) error {
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if !passesQueryFilter(msg, messageFilter, titleFilter, priorityFilter, tagsFilter) {
return nil
}
m, err := encoder(msg)
if err != nil {
return err
}
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wlock.Lock()
defer wlock.Unlock()
if _, err := w.Write([]byte(m)); err != nil {
return err
}
if fl, ok := w.(http.Flusher); ok {
fl.Flush()
}
return nil
}
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w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*") // CORS, allow cross-origin requests
w.Header().Set("Content-Type", contentType+"; charset=utf-8") // Android/Volley client needs charset!
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if poll {
return s.sendOldMessages(topics, since, scheduled, sub)
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}
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subscriberIDs := make([]int, 0)
for _, t := range topics {
subscriberIDs = append(subscriberIDs, t.Subscribe(sub))
}
defer func() {
for i, subscriberID := range subscriberIDs {
topics[i].Unsubscribe(subscriberID) // Order!
}
}()
if err := sub(newOpenMessage(topicsStr)); err != nil { // Send out open message
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return err
}
if err := s.sendOldMessages(topics, since, scheduled, sub); err != nil {
return err
}
for {
select {
case <-r.Context().Done():
return nil
case <-time.After(s.config.KeepaliveInterval):
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v.Keepalive()
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if err := sub(newKeepaliveMessage(topicsStr)); err != nil { // Send keepalive message
return err
}
}
}
}
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func parseQueryFilters(r *http.Request) (messageFilter string, titleFilter string, priorityFilter int, tagsFilter []string, err error) {
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messageFilter = readParam(r, "x-message", "message", "m")
titleFilter = readParam(r, "x-title", "title", "t")
tagsFilter = util.SplitNoEmpty(readParam(r, "x-tags", "tags", "tag", "ta"), ",")
priorityFilter, err = util.ParsePriority(readParam(r, "x-priority", "priority", "prio", "p"))
return // may be err!
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}
func passesQueryFilter(msg *message, messageFilter string, titleFilter string, priorityFilter int, tagsFilter []string) bool {
if msg.Event != messageEvent {
return true // filters only apply to messages
}
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if messageFilter != "" && msg.Message != messageFilter {
return false
}
if titleFilter != "" && msg.Title != titleFilter {
return false
}
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messagePriority := msg.Priority
if messagePriority == 0 {
messagePriority = 3 // For query filters, default priority (3) is the same as "not set" (0)
}
if priorityFilter > 0 && messagePriority != priorityFilter {
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return false
}
if len(tagsFilter) > 0 && !util.InStringListAll(msg.Tags, tagsFilter) {
return false
}
return true
}
func (s *Server) sendOldMessages(topics []*topic, since sinceTime, scheduled bool, sub subscriber) error {
if since.IsNone() {
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return nil
}
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for _, t := range topics {
messages, err := s.cache.Messages(t.ID, since, scheduled)
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if err != nil {
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return err
}
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for _, m := range messages {
if err := sub(m); err != nil {
return err
}
}
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}
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return nil
}
// parseSince returns a timestamp identifying the time span from which cached messages should be received.
//
// Values in the "since=..." parameter can be either a unix timestamp or a duration (e.g. 12h), or
// "all" for all messages.
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func parseSince(r *http.Request, poll bool) (sinceTime, error) {
since := readParam(r, "x-since", "since", "si")
if since == "" {
if poll {
return sinceAllMessages, nil
}
return sinceNoMessages, nil
}
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if since == "all" {
return sinceAllMessages, nil
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} else if s, err := strconv.ParseInt(since, 10, 64); err == nil {
return sinceTime(time.Unix(s, 0)), nil
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} else if d, err := time.ParseDuration(since); err == nil {
return sinceTime(time.Now().Add(-1 * d)), nil
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}
return sinceNoMessages, errHTTPBadRequest
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}
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func (s *Server) handleOptions(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) error {
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w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*") // CORS, allow cross-origin requests
w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, PUT, POST")
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return nil
}
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func (s *Server) topicFromPath(path string) (*topic, error) {
parts := strings.Split(path, "/")
if len(parts) < 2 {
return nil, errHTTPBadRequest
}
topics, err := s.topicsFromIDs(parts[1])
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if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return topics[0], nil
}
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func (s *Server) topicsFromIDs(ids ...string) ([]*topic, error) {
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s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
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topics := make([]*topic, 0)
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for _, id := range ids {
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if util.InStringList(disallowedTopics, id) {
return nil, errHTTPBadRequest
}
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if _, ok := s.topics[id]; !ok {
if len(s.topics) >= s.config.GlobalTopicLimit {
return nil, errHTTPTooManyRequests
}
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s.topics[id] = newTopic(id)
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}
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topics = append(topics, s.topics[id])
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}
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return topics, nil
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}
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func (s *Server) updateStatsAndPrune() {
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s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
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// Expire visitors from rate visitors map
for ip, v := range s.visitors {
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if v.Stale() {
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delete(s.visitors, ip)
}
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}
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// Prune message cache
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olderThan := time.Now().Add(-1 * s.config.CacheDuration)
if err := s.cache.Prune(olderThan); err != nil {
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log.Printf("error pruning cache: %s", err.Error())
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}
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// Prune old topics, remove subscriptions without subscribers
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var subscribers, messages int
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for _, t := range s.topics {
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subs := t.Subscribers()
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msgs, err := s.cache.MessageCount(t.ID)
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if err != nil {
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log.Printf("cannot get stats for topic %s: %s", t.ID, err.Error())
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continue
}
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if msgs == 0 && subs == 0 {
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delete(s.topics, t.ID)
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continue
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}
subscribers += subs
messages += msgs
}
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// Print stats
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log.Printf("Stats: %d message(s) published, %d topic(s) active, %d subscriber(s), %d message(s) buffered, %d visitor(s)",
s.messages, len(s.topics), subscribers, messages, len(s.visitors))
}
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func (s *Server) runManager() {
func() {
ticker := time.NewTicker(s.config.ManagerInterval)
for {
<-ticker.C
s.updateStatsAndPrune()
}
}()
}
func (s *Server) runAtSender() {
ticker := time.NewTicker(s.config.AtSenderInterval)
for {
<-ticker.C
if err := s.sendDelayedMessages(); err != nil {
log.Printf("error sending scheduled messages: %s", err.Error())
}
}
}
func (s *Server) runFirebaseKeepliver() {
if s.firebase == nil {
return
}
ticker := time.NewTicker(s.config.FirebaseKeepaliveInterval)
for {
<-ticker.C
if err := s.firebase(newKeepaliveMessage(firebaseControlTopic)); err != nil {
log.Printf("error sending Firebase keepalive message: %s", err.Error())
}
}
}
func (s *Server) sendDelayedMessages() error {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
messages, err := s.cache.MessagesDue()
if err != nil {
return err
}
for _, m := range messages {
t, ok := s.topics[m.Topic] // If no subscribers, just mark message as published
if ok {
if err := t.Publish(m); err != nil {
log.Printf("unable to publish message %s to topic %s: %v", m.ID, m.Topic, err.Error())
}
if s.firebase != nil {
if err := s.firebase(m); err != nil {
log.Printf("unable to publish to Firebase: %v", err.Error())
}
}
}
if err := s.cache.MarkPublished(m); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func (s *Server) withRateLimit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, handler func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, v *visitor) error) error {
v := s.visitor(r)
if err := v.RequestAllowed(); err != nil {
return err
}
return handler(w, r, v)
}
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// visitor creates or retrieves a rate.Limiter for the given visitor.
// This function was taken from https://www.alexedwards.net/blog/how-to-rate-limit-http-requests (MIT).
func (s *Server) visitor(r *http.Request) *visitor {
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s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
remoteAddr := r.RemoteAddr
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ip, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(remoteAddr)
if err != nil {
ip = remoteAddr // This should not happen in real life; only in tests.
}
if s.config.BehindProxy && r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For") != "" {
ip = r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For")
}
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v, exists := s.visitors[ip]
if !exists {
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s.visitors[ip] = newVisitor(s.config)
return s.visitors[ip]
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}
v.seen = time.Now()
return v
}
func (s *Server) inc(counter *int64) {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
*counter++
}
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func (s *Server) fail(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, code int, err error) {
log.Printf("[%s] %s - %d - %s", r.RemoteAddr, r.Method, code, err.Error())
w.WriteHeader(code)
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_, _ = io.WriteString(w, fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", http.StatusText(code)))
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}